The fate of waste in Hawaii: Technology assessment and solid waste planning in Hawaii, 1968–78          下载免费PDF全文

Jordan P. Howell 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2015,36(1):67-82

In this article I consider the initial period of solid waste management planning in the US state of Hawaii. The State encountered a number of economic and ecological controversies during its solid waste management planning, a process that was prompted by the US Environmental Protection Agency. Some issues, like project financing, were common across the US, while others, such as the potential of waste materials to reduce reliance on imported food and materials, were more unique to Hawaii. The controversies from this initial planning period were never quite fully resolved; as they lingered, they were interpreted differently across the Islands. Based on a close reading of government, advocacy group, waste industry and news media documents, I examine the controversies over solid waste management of the time and consider how the ‘dual nature’ of waste in Hawaii—simultaneously an ecological threat and (potential) economic input—shaped the adoption of solid waste management systems there. This article adds to an expanding literature examining infrastructure in environmental and technology histories.  相似文献   

单线激光雷达扫描的矿车装载量核算方法     

逯行政  许志华  徐二帅  毛亚纯 《测绘通报》2021,(7):12-16

面向露天矿山生产对于矿车装载量核算的需求,本文提出了一种利用单线激光雷达扫描的矿车装载量自动核算方法。该方法首先采用固定式单线激光雷达对目标车辆进行俯视扫描,基于车辆形态特征分割出载荷物顶部点云;然后经时态校正,并与预先构建的车辆信息数据库进行匹配,重建出载荷物的三维表面模型;最后通过对载荷物表面模型的切片积分实现方量核算。以齐大山铁矿运输为例,对多台矿车装载量进行核算测试。结果表明,本文方法可在车辆正常行驶的情况下实时获取载荷物的表面三维点云,平均建模误差为2.54 cm,装载方量核算误差为1.17%。  相似文献   

关于尤卡山项目的一些思考     

徐国庆 《国外铀金地质》2011,(2):104-111

简要论述了美国尤卡山项目研发的历史进程,讨论了该项目目前的进展状态,以及由此引出可供我国高放废物地质处置研发工作值得思考的若干问题。笔者认为,目前尤卡山项目进展受阻的主要原因是政治因素,而不是场址的自然条件和科学技术因素。关于该项目的不同意见之争还将会继续下去,最后可能只有通过进一步的科学论证和法律途径得以解决。  相似文献   

放射性废物处置研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

易树平  马海毅  郑春苗 《地球学报》2011,32(5):592-600

放射性废物的处置是制约核能可持续发展的关键因素,目前已成为国际社会关注的热点问题之一.针对处置场地核素运移污染的风险问题,对放射性废物的处置及其选址、核素运移试验和核素运移模型进行了回顾和论述.指出采用多重屏障系统进行放射性废物的处置,其安全性是可以得到保障的;处置场的选址应遵循就近原则,并应从环境水文地质的角度来构建...  相似文献   

双排抗滑桩中单桩侧向承载实验     

马清文  宋书志  孔纪名 《地质灾害与环境保护》2011,22(3):78-83

通过室内模型实验,研究有无联系梁、联系梁厚度以及排间距对抗滑桩抗滑性能的影响.双排桩组合有联系梁时的抗滑承载力超出无联系梁的40％;联系梁强度能满足变形要求时,其厚度或刚度的增加对加强抗滑性能的作用不大;排间距较小的支护结构侧向承载力较大.  相似文献   

淮安市垃圾填埋场地质特征及其防渗评价     

汪名鹏 《岩土工程技术》2011,25(2):106-108,F0003

正确分析评价垃圾填埋场的地质特征和防渗方案,对垃圾填埋场的选址、设计以及施工运营极为重要。从自然环境、地层结构及岩性特征等方面阐述了淮安市某垃圾填埋场的地质特征,分析了填埋区含水层分布、厚度、赋水性等水文地质条件;结合室内试验和野外试验,综合确定了填埋区岩土层渗透系数大于1×10^-7cm／s,表明填埋区不具备天然防渗的条件,需采用人工防渗系统才能有效的阻滞垃圾渗滤液对周边环境的影响。  相似文献   

浙东沿海某地区大气干湿沉降对土壤重金属 元素含量的影响   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

黄春雷  宋金秋  潘卫丰 《地质通报》2011,30(9):1434-1441

基于对浙东沿海某典型固废拆解区重金属元素大气干湿沉降特征的研究,探讨了重金属元素干湿沉降输入对土壤环境的影响。结果表明,研究区露天焚烧等不规范的固废拆解行为造成大气质量恶化,对土地质量造成严重的负面影响。区内干、湿沉降中Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn、Ni等重金属元素的含量均远高于浙江省干、湿沉降平均值和其它相关标准值,并且其年沉降通量在省内居高,尤其是Cu、Zn两种元素每年每平方百米沉降通量分别达7108g、11420g。研究显示,大气沉降能大大增加研究区土壤重金属元素的含量水平,Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb平均年增加量分别达3426ng/g、5819ng/g、6.50ng/g、582ng/g,并且年增加率较大,Pb、Cu、Zn等重金属元素的年增加率达0.5%以上。  相似文献   

抗拔桩变形分析与有效桩长预测   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郑大龙 《上海国土资源》2011,32(2):75-78

以抗拔桩变形的理论分析为基础,选择双曲线荷载传递函数对桩的极限侧阻力进行合理取值,通过迭代法得到桩身受力情况,由此预测抗拔桩的＂有效桩长＂。结合工程实例进行了计算验证,证明该方法具有实用价值和推广意义。  相似文献   

Evaluation of wave impact loads on caisson breakwaters based on joint probability of impact maxima and rise times     

Giovanni Cuomo  Rodolfo Piscopia  William Allsop 《Coastal Engineering》2011

When waves break against seawalls, vertical breakwaters, piers or jetties, they abruptly transfer their momentum into the structure. This energy transfer is always spectacular and perpetually unrepeatable but can also be very violent and affect the stability and the integrity of coastal structures. Over the last 15 years, increasing awareness of wave-impact induced structural failures of maritime structures has emphasised the need for a more complete approach to dynamic responses, including effects of impulsive loads. At the same time, movement of design standards toward probabilistic approaches requires new statistical tools able to account for uncertainties in the variability of wave loading processes. This paper presents a new approach to the definition of loads for use in performance design of vertical coastal structures subject to breaking wave impacts.  相似文献   

On the criteria for the initiation of motion in tidal inlets,deterministic and stochastic approaches     

Morteza Kolahdoozan  Hanifeh Imanian  Roger A. Falconer 《Coastal Engineering》2011

Details are given herein of the refinement and application of a three-dimensional layer integrated numerical model to predict morphological changes in tidal basins. The solution of governing differential equations, which consist of the conservation of mass and momentum for the hydrodynamics, the transport equation for the suspended sediment fluxes and the sediment mass conservation equation for the bed level changes are carried out by the use of Alternating Direction Implicit (ADI) Finite Difference Method (FDM). The model includes different criteria for the initiation of motion namely Shields (1936, Application of Similarity Principles and Turbulence Research to Bed load Movement, Hydrodynamics Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pub. No. 167), Kolahdoozan (1999, Numerical Modelling of Geomorphological Processes in Estuarine Waters, PhD Thesis, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK, 288) and Zanke (2003, On the Influence of Turbulence on the Initiation of Sediment Motion, International Journal of Sediment Research, 18(1), 17–31), to compare different aspects of flow conditions. As the flow is highly turbulent with the random nature of its components, many researchers have tried to express sediment transport processes by using stochastic approaches. In the current study both deterministic and stochastic methods are included in the numerical model to evaluate their accuracy and efficiency. To validate the numerical model results, laboratory measurements are used, with these being obtained from an earlier experimental program undertaken by the authors. Results of a short term bed level changes in a laboratory model harbor are included for the model verification purposes. Comparisons are undertaken using different criteria for the initiation of motion, with the results highlighting that the unsteadiness in the flow parameters included in the numerical model has a major effect on the bed level changes inside the harbor, in compare with the turbulence structure of the flow. The model is then applied to a real case study of the Humber Estuary, located in the UK, with comparisons being undertaken for different criteria for the initiation of motion, using both deterministic and stochastic approaches for the long term bed level predictions.  相似文献